Active Academic Year
Every student record and mark entry — for every class, exam, and subject — is filed under this year. Changing it points ALL new write operations at the newly activated year going forward; it never touches, overwrites, or moves any previous year's data, which stays fully readable (Print Ledger / Gradesheet's year picker) but permanently locked from further edits. There's no practical limit on how many years the database can hold — a new year is simply a new, separate slice of storage, so this supports an indefinite number of future academic years.
School Identity
Shown across the whole app — login page, dashboard, sidebar, printed ledgers, and the Academic Calendar's printed letterhead (Admin → Academic Calendar). Fill these in once here and every one of those updates automatically — the calendar has no separate copy of its own. The Nepali fields are optional — when filled in, printed forms show "English (Nepali)"; left blank, they print English only.
विद्यालयको ठेगाना — टुक्र्याएर (जिल्ला / स्थानीय तह / वडा)
सम्मान-पत्र आदिमा "स्याङ्जा जिल्ला चापाकोट नगरपालिका वडा नं. ४ स्थित …" जस्तो व्यहोरा यहीँबाट आफैं बन्छ। सूचीबाट छान्नुहोस् वा टाइप गर्नुहोस्। खाली भए माथिको "Address (Nepali)" बाट पत्ता लगाइन्छ।
Printed as "मोबाइल नं." on the Letterpad, alongside Contact Number as "फोन नं."
Printed on the Accounting → माग फारम (Demand Forms) header.
आम्दानी / गोश्वारा भौचरमा "डे. बैंक, बैंकको नाम - चल्ती खाता नं." लाइन आफैं बन्न यहीँबाट लिइन्छ।
Shape applies everywhere the logo appears — login page, sidebar, mobile header.
Live preview
Updates as you type or paste a URL.
Live preview
Printed on the official Letterpad used by outgoing letters (e.g. Accounting → माग फारम → निकासा पत्र) — kept separate from the round Logo URL above so a school can use a different, more formal mark on printed letters. Left blank, a built-in vector mark is used by default; paste an image URL here only if this school has its own official letterpad logo to print instead.
Live preview
आम्दानी भौचर र गोश्वारा भौचर (खर्च) को माथिल्लो-बायाँ कुनामा छापिन्छ। खाली राखे माथिको Logo URL (पोर्टलको आधिकारिक लोगो) छापिन्छ — Letterpad लोगो प्रयोग हुँदैन।
Prints just the letterhead (logo, school name, address, कार्यालय कोड/इमिज कोड, contact boxes, आजको मिति) on a blank A4 sheet, with no letter body — useful to check alignment on the school's actual letterpad paper.
IEMIS & Office Code
The IEMIS code is printed on every individual Gradesheet, on the Academic Calendar's letterhead and on the Letterpad.
Printed on the Letterpad (official outgoing letters) as कार्यालय कोड (Office Code): १३०, on the line directly above the EMIS Code. Change it here any time — no code edit or redeploy needed. Leave it blank to hide the line.
PAN र कोष कार्यालय कोड
विद्यालयको PAN नं., नागरिक लगानी कोष र कर्मचारी सञ्चयकोषको कार्यालय कोड यहाँ एकपटक राख्नुहोस् — भविष्यमा थपिने कर/कोष सम्बन्धी सुविधाहरूले यहीँबाट पढ्नेछन्। खाली राखे केही असर पर्दैन।
यी विवरण Settings (सबै पृष्ठले पढ्ने स्थान) मा सुरक्षित हुन्छन् — Save Settings थिचेपछि कुनै redeploy चाहिँदैन।
Current Exam Period
Exam Year is shown centered on every printed ledger/gradesheet header, alongside whichever exam that page's own Exam picker has selected (First/Second/Final Terminal, or SEE/BLE Aptitude) — so the header is always correct without needing to update it each cycle. Exam Type is only used as a fallback on pages that don't have their own Exam picker.
Preview:
Every Mark Ledger, Grade Ledger, and Gradesheet page now has its own Exam picker and always scales Credit Hour/GPA to match whichever exam is selected there — this dropdown only sets which one they default to when first opened. To actually protect a finished exam's data from changes, or approve the Aptitude exams for teachers, use Exam Control below. Grades 1–5 (Learning Outcomes): 50% CH on a First/Second Terminal, 100% on the Final. Grades 6 and up: always 100% CH, every term.
Exam Control
Unlock Exam Fields
Master switch for the whole platform. By default every exam score field is locked to every teacher, everywhere — the individual Open/Locked/Hidden settings below only take effect once this is turned on. Turn it on at the beginning of a new academic year or during a scheduled exam window, and back off once entry is finished, to protect data outside those windows. This never affects admins, who can always view and edit everything regardless.
Terminal Exams
First Terminal, Second Terminal, and Final/Annual each keep their own separate marks — entering Second Terminal never overwrites First Terminal. Use this to protect an exam's data once teachers have finished entering it: Locked lets teachers still view the mark sheet, but not change it. You (the admin) can always view and edit every exam regardless of this setting.
For Classes 6-10: when a teacher opens the Final exam's mark sheet for a subject, the Terminal Exam field pre-fills with the average of that field from the First and Second Terminal exams (Participation and Practical/Project Work work like any other Terminal exam — typed in directly, no auto-fill). For the SEE/BLE Aptitude exam's mark sheet, it's the other way around: Participation and Practical/Project Work pre-fill with the First/Second average, while the Terminal Exam field is instead linked live to the External field on that same row. Either way, this only fills fields that don't already have a value. The teacher can still edit any pre-filled number before saving — nothing is written to Firebase until they press Save Marks.
Aptitude Exams
SEE Aptitude Exam (Class 10) and BLE Aptitude Exam (Class 8) each have their own dedicated entry sheet. Access is automatic — every teacher already assigned any subject in that class (see Assign Subjects) gets it too, no separate step required. They start Hidden from teachers by default. Switch an exam to Open once you're ready for those teachers to enter marks, or Locked once entry is done and you just want it visible (read-only) to them. Include Internal Evaluation (IN) below decides whether that exam's entry field, mark sheet, and ledger show just Theory (TH), or Theory (TH) + Internal (IN) side by side like the Terminal exams do.
Signatories
Headmaster and Exam Coordinator names print under the signature line on every Mark Ledger, Grade Ledger, and Gradesheet — fill these in once and they're picked up automatically, so no one has to hand-write names each print run. Prepared By is used on the Gradesheet only.
नाम राख्ने तरिका: हरेक नामको बाकसमा क्लिक/टाइप गर्दा शिक्षक/कर्मचारीको सूची आउँछ — सूचीबाट छान्न पनि मिल्छ, सूचीमा नभएको व्यक्ति भए हातैले लेख्न पनि मिल्छ। यहाँ तोकिएको नाम नै लेखा/इन्भेन्टरी आदि सबै फारमको सही-खण्डमा आउँछ — लगइन भएको खाताको नाम होइन।
नेपाली / अंग्रेजी नाम: नेपाली विषयवस्तु भएका कागजात (लेखा, इन्भेन्टरी, माग फारम/भरपाई, नेपाली विषयको पोर्टफोलियो) मा नेपाली नाम प्रयोग हुन्छ (खाली भए अंग्रेजी नाम)। अंग्रेजी विषयवस्तु भएका कागजात (Gradesheet, Mark/Grade Ledger, Internal Form, अंग्रेजी विषयको Portfolio) मा English नाम प्रयोग हुन्छ (खाली भए नेपाली नाम)।
Printed on the "Prepared by" line of every Gradesheet. Leave blank to fall back to the signed-in admin's own name (and signature, if they've added one under Manage Teachers).
Printed above the Headmaster's name on every Gradesheet. Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead. Class Teachers and admins can add their own signature link from Manage Teachers — it's used automatically for the Class Teacher line.
Printed above the Exam Coordinator's name on every Gradesheet. Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead.
Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead.
Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead.
Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead.
Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead.
Printed as "Trained By" on Computer Certificates (Graphics & Design). Leave blank to print a plain signature line instead.
अन्य पद (Custom Positions)
आवश्यकता अनुसार पद (जस्तै लेखापाल, उपप्रधानाध्यापक, कार्यालय प्रमुख) सिर्जना गरेर सम्बन्धित व्यक्तिको नाम (सूचीबाट छानेर वा हातैले लेखेर) र हस्ताक्षर यहीँ राख्नुहोस्। माग फारम आदिमा तयार गर्ने / प्रमाणित गर्ने हस्ताक्षर-खण्डमा यी पद छान्न सकिन्छ — नाम वा पद कोडमा राखिएको छैन। नाम नेपालीमा (नेपाली कागजातका लागि) र चाहिए अंग्रेजीमा पनि राख्न सकिन्छ।
कुनै पद थपिएको छैन।
Subject Setting
Add, edit, or remove subjects for a class. Classes 6-10 set TH (Theory) and IN (Internal) credit hours separately — IEMIS grades and weights these two SEPARATELY when computing GPA. Classes 1-5 are 100% internal assessment (no written exam), so they set a single Credit Hour instead. Grade and GP themselves follow the fixed NEB scale (A+ down to NG) based on marks.
Class Setting
Add or remove classes so the app matches exactly what the school
teaches. Numbered classes (1, 2, 3…) automatically get the right
grading model — Learning Outcomes for 1–5, Breakdown A for 6–8,
Breakdown B for 9 and up. Removing a class here only removes it
from these lists — it does not delete any student records or
marks already saved under it. The "Public" checkbox controls
whether this class is offered in the Class dropdown on the
public Result Search page (result-search.html) —
unchecking it just hides that class from the public picker;
it stays fully usable everywhere else in the app.
A plain number (like 11) gets the automatic grading model above. A named class (like a new pre-primary section) should be marked pre-primary below.
Dashboard Widgets
Marks Entry Status and Grade Summary show on the Admin Dashboard by default. Turn either on for teachers too and it also appears on their dashboard (below the Exam/Class/Subject picker) — handy for letting teachers see school-wide entry progress without handing out admin access. Turning a widget off for Admin just hides it from the Admin Dashboard to keep it uncluttered — it doesn't delete any data. Highest Attendance, below, is the one exception — it lives on the E-Attendance page instead, not the Dashboard.
Marks Entry Status
Grade Summary
Highest Attendance
Shows at the top of the E-Attendance page (not the Dashboard), and only if E-Attendance itself is turned on below — see "E-Attendance" further down this tab. Admin sees it school-wide (every class); a Class Teacher sees it scoped to their own class only.
Pin Dashboard Exam
Which exam Marks Entry Status and Grade Summary open to first — and also the default in every other exam picker across the app: Print Ledger, Gradesheet, and the Marks Entry landing page's Exam picker. Every one of those still has its own picker, so anyone can switch exams from there any time — this only sets the starting selection.
Aptitude Exam Entry
Quick on/off switch for the SEE Aptitude (Class 10) and BLE Aptitude (Class 8) entry screens. Turning one off immediately hides it from teachers everywhere — sidebar/nav, the Exam picker, and Aptitude Entry itself — same as setting it to "Hidden" in , just one tap instead of a full visit there. Turning it back on reopens it (view & edit) for teachers already assigned the "aptitude" subject on that class. For finer control — Locked (view-only) instead of fully open, or the Internal Evaluation / full-marks settings — use Exam Control directly.
Print Internal Form
Adds a "Print Internal Form" option to every teacher's Menu with up to two blank print sheets — Roll/Student Name/Student ID filled in from the roster, every mark field left blank — for a teacher to fill in by hand before typing the real numbers into the portal. Both sign off with the Subject Teacher, Evaluation Coordinator, and Headmaster, and a teacher can print either for any Term, Class, and Subject — neither holds real marks, so no subject assignment is required. Admins can always reach both from their own menu; these switches only control whether teachers see each option too.
"Result Archive" (Classes 6-10) lets you save a permanent, locked snapshot of a class/subject's Final Result — it never changes again even if First/Second/Final marks are edited later. Only admins can save a snapshot (from the Final Result page's "Save to Archive" button); this switch just controls whether teachers can browse already-saved snapshots for their own classes/subjects from their own menu. Admins can always reach it from their own menu.
"Check Result" adds a shortcut in a teacher's Menu straight to the public Result Search page — the same page families use outside the portal (no login, published results only). It doesn't grant any extra access; it's just a quick way for a teacher to look up a result the way a parent would.
"Gradesheet" (Classes 6-10) lets a teacher build and print the official per-student gradesheet for a class. Only ever offered to a teacher who is already the designated Class Teacher of that class (Manage Teachers → Assign Class Teacher) — this switch just controls whether they get the menu option too. Admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
"E-Attendance" lets a Class Teacher (or admin) tap Present / Absent / Leave Application per student, per day — with a month view so a day missed on time can still be filled in any time before the month ends. This is the master switch for the whole feature: off hides "E-Attendance" from every Class Teacher's menu (it doesn't delete any attendance already recorded). Admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
"Portfolio Form" (Classes 6-10) prints blank student portfolios — a pre-filled cover page plus a unit-wise record sheet built from that subject's own unit list — and is also where the subject teacher edits that unit list (add / rename / reorder / delete). Unlike the forms above, a teacher only ever sees the classes and subjects actually assigned to them; this switch just controls whether they get the menu option at all. Admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
"Unit Tests" adds a menu item where a teacher can log as many informal, ungraded quizzes/tests as they like for their own assigned class+subject pairs — a title, date, max marks, and a score per student — and see each student's score history over them by tapping their name. Separate from the formal First/ Second/Final exam system entirely; nothing here ever affects a gradesheet or report card. A teacher only ever sees the classes and subjects actually assigned to them. Admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
"Project Work Record" (परियोजना कार्य अभिलेख) adds a menu item where a teacher records, for every student, whether a project work or homework was done on time, late, or not at all — in English for the English subject and in Nepali for the other subjects. It also covers voluntary records such as Computer Lab / Science Lab participation and performance, and lesson-wise or self-defined criteria. Teachers only see their own assigned class+subject pairs (Class Teachers see every subject of their class). Admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
"सिकाइ उपलब्धि मूल्याङ्कन (कक्षा १–५)" बाट अङ्क ल्याउने: Marks Entry (कक्षा १–५, रुब्रिक्स भएका विषय) मा "सिकाइ उपलब्धि मूल्याङ्कनबाट अङ्क ल्याउन यहाँ क्लिक गर्नुस्" बटन देखाउँछ। शिक्षकले पुष्टि (confirmation) गरेपछि मात्र अङ्क आउँछ र Save गर्नुपर्छ। पूर्वनिर्धारित: खुला। बन्द गरेमा बटन कसैलाई (प्रशासकलाई समेत) देखिँदैन।
"Academic Calendar" adds a menu item where a teacher can view the school's B.S. calendar — tithi, public holidays, and school programs the admin has entered (admin-academic-calendar.html). This switch only controls the teacher menu item; it doesn't touch the separate "Public website embed" switch on that page itself, which is stored in Firestore instead of here so the public embed never depends on this database. Admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
"Routine & Schedule" (teaching timetable + exam timetable) is hidden from teachers until you tick this. While it is off, teachers see no menu item, the page refuses them, and the database refuses them the exam timetables too. Admins can always open and edit it from their own menu.
"Utility Tools" adds a menu group with small standalone tools (QR Generator, Font Converter, …) — open to every teacher by default. Untick to hide it from teachers; admins can always reach it from their own menu regardless of this switch.
Weekly Holidays
The days off that repeat every week. Any date falling on a checked day is shown in red on the E-Attendance day strip and won't accept attendance without a confirmation first. Saturday and Sunday are on by default — untick Sunday if your school runs a Sunday–Friday week with only Saturday off.
School Holiday Calendar
Specific dates off for the whole school — Dashain, Tihar, a public holiday, an exam gap. Predefine the whole year here and every Class Teacher sees those days already marked red, so nobody has to remember on the day itself. Dates are B.S. (Nepali calendar), same as everywhere else in the app. Fill in both dates to add a run of consecutive days in one go; leave "To" blank for a single day. A Class Teacher can additionally mark a day off for just their own class from the E-Attendance page — that never touches this shared list.
Saved Holidays
Image Hosting
Lets Manage Students upload a photo straight from the browser instead of hosting it yourself and pasting a link into Photo (URL). Turn on one or both free providers below and fill in its credentials — whichever ones are enabled (and fully filled in) show up as choices in the picker next to any Photo/Signature URL field (Manage Students, Manage Teachers) with a Upload button beside it. Leave both off and those pages just show the plain text field, same as before.
From your Cloudinary console: Cloud Name is shown right on the dashboard. Under Settings → Upload → Upload presets, add a preset with Signing Mode set to "Unsigned" and paste its name here. Only the Cloud Name and preset name ever go here — never your API Key/Secret. An unsigned preset is what makes browser-side uploads safe without exposing your account secret; you can restrict it to images and set a max file size from the same preset screen.
Get a free key at api.imgbb.com. Heads up: ImgBB has no "public-safe" key type like Cloudinary's unsigned preset — this key is sent with every upload straight from the browser and stored in this school's settings, which anyone with the portal link can read. Use a key created just for this portal, not one shared with another account you care about.
Get a free key at vgy.me/account/details. Same trade-off as ImgBB above: vgy.me has no "public-safe" key type either — this key is sent with every upload straight from the browser and stored in this school's settings, which anyone with the portal link can read. Use a key created just for this portal.
Both keys are on your ImageKit dashboard under Developer Options → API Keys. Normally the Private Key must never leave your server — ImageKit uses it to sign a one-time token for each upload — but this portal has no server, so the signing happens right here in the browser using the key saved below. That means the Private Key itself sits in this school's settings, which anyone with the portal link can read, same trade-off as the other free providers on this tab.
From your UploadThing dashboard → API Keys. Stronger warning than the others on this tab: UploadThing doesn't offer an upload-only key — this is your full account API key, and it's sent from the browser on every upload and stored in this school's public-readable settings. Only turn this on if you're comfortable with that, and consider a dedicated UploadThing account used for nothing else.
For a free Cloudflare account — no Cloudflare Images subscription, no Delivery Account Hash. Uploads go straight into an R2 bucket and are served from your own Custom Domain.
Setup, one time, on the Cloudflare dashboard: 1) R2 → create
a bucket. 2) That bucket's Settings → Custom Domains → connect
your domain/subdomain (it must already be on this same
Cloudflare account) — this is what serves uploaded photos,
no Account Hash involved at all. 3) That bucket's
Settings → CORS Policy → add a rule allowing this portal's
own address, with PUT in Allowed Methods — R2
blocks browser uploads from an unlisted origin by default,
so skipping this step is the most common cause of an
upload failing here. 4) R2 → Manage API Tokens → create a
token scoped to "Object Read & Write" on just this one
bucket (never an account-wide token) — this is where the
Access Key ID and Secret Access Key below come from; the
Secret is shown once, so save it when it's created.
Like ImgBB/ImageKit's keys above, the Secret Access Key sits in this school's public-readable settings to sign each upload request from the browser — the token being scoped to just this one bucket (step 4 above) is what limits what anyone who reads it could do with it.
Google Drive — लगइन नगरी अपलोड हुन्छ। फाइल Apps Script ब्याकइन्डमा जान्छ, जहाँ Service Account ले विद्यालयको आधिकारिक इमेलको भेषमा (Domain-Wide Delegation) तोकिएको रुट फोल्डरभित्र मात्र राख्छ। कुनै secret, Client ID वा Folder ID यहाँ राखिँदैन — ती Apps Script को Script Properties मा हुन्छन्।
एक पटकको सेटअप: apps-script/Code.gs को PART 9 को माथिको टिप्पणीमा चरणबद्ध लेखिएको छ —
Service Account बनाउने → Workspace Admin मा Domain-Wide Delegation (scope https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive)
→ Script Properties (DRIVE_SA_EMAIL, DRIVE_SA_PRIVATE_KEY, DRIVE_IMPERSONATE,
DRIVE_ROOT_FOLDER_ID) → testDriveImpersonation चलाउने → नयाँ version Deploy।
फाइलहरू मेनु अनुसार आफैँ व्यवस्थित हुन्छन्: Teacher/Photo, Teacher/Certificate/<नाम>,
Student/Photo/<साल>/<कक्षा>, Student/Birth Certificate/<साल>/<कक्षा> आदि।
अपलोड भएका फाइल स्वतः "लिंक भएका जोसुकैले हेर्न मिल्ने" बन्छन् — नत्र फोटो पोर्टल/प्रिन्टमा देखिँदैन
(Workspace ले सार्वजनिक सेयरिङ रोकेको भए Drive admin ले अनुमति दिनुपर्छ)। अधिकतम २५ MB।
File Hosting
PDF, Word, Excel, ZIP जस्ता कागजात/फाइल (फोटो होइन) सिधै ब्राउजरबाट अपलोड गर्न प्रयोग हुने होस्टिङ।
यहाँ त्यही प्रकार समर्थन गर्ने सबै प्लेटफर्म स्वतः देखिन्छन्; enabled गरिएका र चाहिने विवरण पूरै भरिएका प्रदायक मात्र अपलोड गर्दा विकल्पमा आउँछन्।
Video Hosting
भिडियो फाइल सिधै ब्राउजरबाट अपलोड गर्न प्रयोग हुने होस्टिङ (ठूला भिडियोका लागि प्रदायकको भण्डारण/आकार सीमा जाँच्नुहोस्)।
यहाँ त्यही प्रकार समर्थन गर्ने सबै प्लेटफर्म स्वतः देखिन्छन्; enabled गरिएका र चाहिने विवरण पूरै भरिएका प्रदायक मात्र अपलोड गर्दा विकल्पमा आउँछन्।
Push Notifications (Firebase Cloud Messaging)
App नोटिफिकेसन (नयाँ सूचना, ई-हाजिरी स्मरण) चलाउन चाहिने key यहीँबाट राख्नुहोस् — कोड/फाइल सम्पादन गर्नुपर्दैन। VAPID key खाली भए नोटिफिकेसन बन्द रहन्छ; बाँकी पोर्टलमा कुनै असर पर्दैन।
Firebase Console → Project settings → Cloud Messaging → Web Push certificates → Generate key pair बाट आउने public key टाँस्नुहोस्। यो सार्वजनिक key हो (गोप्य होइन) — Private key/Server key यहाँ कहिल्यै नराख्नुहोस्। Google Cloud Console मा "Firebase Cloud Messaging API" Enabled हुनुपर्छ।
के-के पठाउने
नोट: Apps Script (Code.gs) को Service Account/Project ID तथा Firebase Web config (firebaseConfig) जस्ता
सर्भर-पक्षका गोप्य कुरा ब्राउजर Setting मा राख्न मिल्दैन (सार्वजनिक पढिने भएकाले) — ती एक पटक मात्र KSS-PORTAL-DOCS.md (भाग ५) अनुसार राख्ने हुन्।
Academic Calendar — Data Source
The Academic Calendar's "Auto-fill from dataset" button (Admin →
Academic Calendar) pulls tithi/festival/holiday data from this
URL instead of a hard-coded one — it's a community-maintained,
unofficial dataset with no guaranteed uptime, so if it ever
stops updating or moves to a new location, paste the
replacement here and every future auto-fill picks it up
immediately, with no code changes needed. Use
{year} and {month} exactly where the
B.S. year and month belong in the URL — both are required and
get swapped in automatically for whichever month is loaded.
Defaults to S4NKALP/nepali-calendar-api — there's no official government API for this data.
ठेगाना (प्रदेश/जिल्ला/स्थानीय तह) — Data Source
Manage Teachers / Manage Students मा ठेगाना (Province → District
→ Local Level → Ward) को dropdown/search सुझाव-सूची हाल यही
Portal भित्रैको built-in तथ्याङ्क (७ प्रदेश/७७ जिल्ला/७५३ स्थानीय
तह — see js/nepal-address-data.js) बाट आउँछ, code
भित्रै hard-coded भएर होइन। कुनै स्थानीय तह पछि गाभिने, टुक्रिने वा
नयाँ थपिने भएमा, कोड नछोई — त्यही स्कीमाको JSON कतै होस्ट गरी
यहाँ त्यसको URL राखे पुग्छ, र अर्को पटक ठेगाना फिल्ड खोल्नेबित्तिकै
स्वतः त्यहीँबाट तानिन्छ (Academic Calendar को Data Source
जस्तै)। खाली राखे built-in तथ्याङ्क नै प्रयोग भइरहन्छ।
Expected JSON shape: {"districts":[{"id","en","np","province"}],"localLevels":[{"id","name","en","districtId","wards"}]}
— built-in array कै फिल्डसँग हुबहु मिल्ने। नमिलेमा वा URL नपुगेमा
स्वतः built-in तथ्याङ्कमै फर्कन्छ, ठेगाना फिल्ड कहिल्यै भाँचिँदैन।